1856 Argentina–Chile treaty

The border between Chile and Argentina shall be established as defined in the annex to this treaty, which includes the Atacama Desert region. The border shall be marked by a series of geographical landmarks and monuments, as specified in the annex. The parties agree to respect and maintain the border as defined, and to resolve any disputes that may arise through diplomatic means. The border shall be subject to periodic review and adjustment as necessary.

Chile shall have control over the nitrate deposits in the Atacama Desert region, as defined in the annex to this treaty. In exchange, Chile shall make a payment to Argentina, as specified in the annex, to compensate for the transfer of control. The payment shall be made in accordance with the terms and conditions set out in the annex. The parties agree that this payment is full and final settlement of all claims related to the nitrate deposits.

The parties agree to establish a joint commission to oversee the implementation of this treaty and to resolve any disputes that may arise. The commission shall be composed of equal numbers of representatives from each party, and shall meet at regular intervals to review the implementation of the treaty. The commission shall have the power to make recommendations and to take decisions, as necessary, to ensure the effective implementation of the treaty.

The parties agree to respect the rights of indigenous peoples and other communities affected by the border established in this treaty. The parties shall take all necessary measures to protect the rights and interests of these communities, and to ensure that they are not adversely affected by the implementation of the treaty. The parties shall also take steps to promote the economic and social development of these communities.

This treaty shall be ratified by both parties, and shall come into force on the date of exchange of ratifications. The treaty shall be registered with the relevant international authorities, and shall be published in the official gazettes of both parties. The parties agree that this treaty is a final and definitive settlement of the border dispute between them, and that it shall be binding on their successors and assigns.