Interactive Science & Maths Simulations

Projectile Motion SimulatorLaunch a projectile and watch its path, range and max height change live.

Pendulum Lab SimulatorExplore period, gravity and energy with a swinging pendulum.

Wave Interference SimulatorTwo wave sources create constructive and destructive interference patterns.

Circuit Lab (Ohm's Law)Wire two resistors in series or parallel and see voltage, current and power.

Forces & Friction SimulatorPush a block and explore Newton's laws, static and kinetic friction.

Orbital Motion & Gravity SimulatorLaunch a planet around a star and see circular, elliptical and escape orbits.

Light Refraction Simulator (Snell's Law)Bend a light ray between air, water, glass and diamond and find the critical angle.

Free Fall & Motion GraphsDrop or throw an object and watch position and velocity graphs build in real time.

Inclined Plane Simulator NEWDrag the block and tilt the ramp yourself, flick it, and watch forces, speed and energy update live.

Spring & Hooke's Law SimulatorPull a mass on a spring and explore oscillation, period, damping and energy.

Collisions & Momentum LabCrash two carts together and compare momentum and kinetic energy before and after.

RC Circuit & Capacitor Simulator NEWCharge and discharge a capacitor through a resistor and watch voltage and current change.

Electric Field & Charges Simulator NEWDrag positive and negative charges around and watch the field lines and forces react.

Magnetic Field & Compass Simulator NEWDrag a bar magnet around a grid of compasses and watch the field lines turn.

Doppler Effect Simulator NEWMove a sound source and an observer and hear how the pitch changes with speed.

Lens & Mirror Ray Diagram NEWDrag the object and the focal point and watch the principal rays form the image.

Double Slit & Diffraction NEWChange wavelength and slit spacing and see the interference pattern and its intensity graph.

Circular Motion & Centripetal Force NEWSwing a ball on a string and drag it to change the radius and speed.

Balance Beam & Torque NEWDrag weights onto a seesaw and balance the torques on both sides.

Moving Man: Position, Velocity & Acceleration Graphs NEWDrag the person along the track and watch position, velocity and acceleration graphs build.

Buoyancy & Density Lab NEWDrag objects into fluid and see when they float or sink, with the buoyant force.

Energy Skate Park NEWDrag a skater around a track and watch kinetic, potential and thermal energy trade places.

Sound Wave & Frequency Simulator NEWSee sound as moving air particles and an oscilloscope trace, change pitch, and hear beats form.

Kinematics Graph Matcher (Position-Time) NEWDrag a runner so its position-time graph matches the target line, then get a score.

Work & Energy Simulator NEWPull a block at an angle across a rough floor and compare work by the pull, friction and net work.

Bernoulli's Principle & Fluid Flow NEWSqueeze a pipe and watch the fluid speed up while the pressure gauge drops.

Thermal Expansion & Bimetal Strip NEWHeat or cool a metal bar and see how much it grows, then bend a bimetal strip.

Center of Mass & Balance NEWDrag weights on a beam and place the support so it balances at the centre of mass.

Ohm's Law Simulator (V = IR) NEWChange voltage and resistance and see the current, the V = I R equation letters and a bulb brightness change.

Resistance in a Wire (R = ρL/A) NEWChange a wire's length, thickness and material and watch electrons collide and the resistance change.

Gravity Force Lab NEWDrag two masses and change their size to see how the gravity force depends on mass and distance.

Under Pressure: Fluid Pressure & Depth NEWDrag a pressure gauge into a tank and see how depth, density and gravity change pressure.

Forces and Motion: Newton's Second Law NEWPush a cart with different forces and friction and see acceleration, speed and net force.

John Travoltage: Static Electricity & Sparks NEWRub John's foot on the carpet, collect charge, and bring his finger close to the doorknob to make a spark.

Balloons & Static Electricity NEWRub a balloon on a sweater and watch it stick to the wall, showing charge transfer and induced charge.

Magnet & Compass: Magnetic Field Lines NEWDrag a bar magnet and a compass to see the magnetic field direction, strength and field lines.

Faraday's Law & Generator Lab NEWMove a magnet through a coil to light a bulb, or spin the generator and watch the induced voltage.

Waves Intro: String Waves NEWShake a string, change frequency, amplitude, tension and damping, and measure the wavelength and speed.

Fourier: Making Waves NEWDrag harmonic amplitudes and watch sine waves add up to square, sawtooth and triangle waves.

Normal Modes: Coupled Oscillators NEWDrag masses on springs, excite each normal mode and see how every motion is a mix of modes.

Density Lab: Mass, Volume & Identify the Material NEWWeigh mystery blocks, measure their volume by water displacement and work out the material from the density.

AC Circuits: Resistor, Capacitor & Inductor NEWChange frequency and components and see voltage, current, phase and impedance in an AC circuit.

Coulomb's Law: Force Between Charges NEWDrag two charges along a ruler, change their size and sign, and see the electric force between them.

Charges and Fields: Electric Field & Voltage NEWPlace positive and negative charges, drag them, and see electric field arrows and voltage colours with a live sensor.

Hooke's Law: Springs and Forces NEWPull a spring with your mouse and see the force grow in proportion, with a force-displacement graph.

Masses and Springs: Bounce Lab NEWHang masses on two springs, compare stiffness, gravity and damping, and measure the bounce period.

Capacitor Lab: Basics NEWChange plate area, separation and voltage to see capacitance, charge and stored energy.

Projectile Data Lab: Air Resistance & Target Practice NEWFire golf balls, pumpkins and pianos with and without air resistance and collect a table of ranges.

Magnets and Electromagnets NEWPower a coil with a battery, add loops, flip the current and drag a compass to see the field.

Color Vision: How We See Colour NEWMix red, green and blue flashlights or choose one wavelength and see how your three cone types respond.

Circuit Construction Kit: DC & AC Virtual Lab NEWBuild real circuits with batteries, bulbs, resistors, fuses, switches, wires, capacitors, inductors and household objects, then measure them with a voltmeter and an ammeter.

Energy Forms and Changes: Heat Transfer NEWHeat or cool an iron block, a brick and water, put them together and watch thermal energy flow with a live energy chart.

Bending Light: Refraction, Reflection & Prism NEWAim a laser at water, glass or diamond, see reflection and refraction with angles, or split white light in a prism.

Balancing Act: Torque & Seesaw NEWBalance a plank with bricks, crates and people, learn torque, and work out a mystery mass.

Sound Waves: Two Speakers & Interference NEWPlay a note through two speakers, drag a listener around the room and find the loud and silent spots.

Ladybug Motion 2D: Velocity & Acceleration Vectors NEWDrag a ladybug around, or let it move in a line, circle or ellipse, and see its velocity and acceleration arrows change live.

Collision Lab: 2D Momentum & Kinetic Energy NEWCrash balls of different masses on a table and track total momentum and kinetic energy for bouncy or sticky collisions.

Resonance Lab: Driven Oscillators NEWShake five springs and masses at different frequencies and see the one whose natural frequency matches swing wildly.

Torque & Rotational Inertia Lab NEWPush a wheel at different distances from its axle and see torque, moment of inertia, angular acceleration and angular momentum.

Lunar Lander: Land Softly Physics Game NEWFire the engine and tilt the lander to touch down softly on the pad, on the Moon, Mars or Earth.

Gear Train Simulator NEWDrag gears together to mesh them, then see speed and torque change through the train.

Pulley System Simulator NEWPull the rope, see how more rope strands cut the force you need but lengthen the pull.

Car Transmission & Gear Ratio Simulator NEWShift through the gears of a gearbox and see the gear pair, engine rpm, wheel speed, torque and speedometer.

Truss Bridge Builder & Load Tester NEWBuild a truss bridge from a template or from scratch, drive a truck over it and watch real tension, compression, stress, buckling and collapse from a stiffness-method solver.

LED Circuit Designer & Resistor Calculator NEWDesign a battery, resistor and LED circuit, calculate the right resistor and see what happens when it burns out.

Spring-Damper Vibration & Resonance NEWPull a mass on a spring and damper, compare damping types and shake the base to find resonance.

Beam Bending & Stress Simulator NEWMove a load along a beam, see deflection, the bending moment diagram and whether it stays safe.

4-Stroke Engine & Otto Cycle NEWWatch intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes with valves, spark and a pressure-volume diagram.

Hydraulic Press & Pascal's Principle NEWPush a small piston and lift a car with a big one, and see how force, area and distance trade off.

Wind Turbine Power Simulator NEWChange wind speed, blade length, pitch and blade number and see the power curve and Betz limit.

Solar Panel Angle & Power Simulator NEWTilt a solar panel, move the sun across the sky and add clouds to see the power through the day.

HVAC & Heat Pump Simulator NEWSet a thermostat and watch a heat pump cycle move heat in or out of a house.

Rocket Thrust & Launch Simulator NEWSet fuel, engine efficiency and throttle, launch a rocket and see altitude and speed graphs.

Gas Laws SimulatorChange temperature, volume and particles to see pressure follow PV = nRT.

Molarity & Dilution SimulatorDissolve a solute, see the concentration, and work out how much water to add to dilute it.

pH Scale SimulatorTest everyday liquids and see pH, hydrogen and hydroxide ions, and acid or base.

States of Matter SimulatorHeat and cool particles to see solid, liquid and gas behaviour and phase changes.

Acid-Base Lab (HCl & NaOH)Add HCl or NaOH to water and watch a live pH meter and indicator colour.

Molecule Polarity SimulatorChange atom electronegativity and see bond dipoles, the net dipole and molecule polarity.

Limiting Reagent & Stoichiometry Calculator NEWType any reaction, enter grams of each reactant and find the limiting reagent and yield.

Periodic Trends Explorer NEWColour the periodic table by radius, electronegativity or ionisation energy and see the trends.

Buffer Solution Simulator NEWAdd acid and base to a buffer and to plain water side by side and watch which one resists pH change.

Solubility Curve Explorer NEWDrag a point on the solubility graph and see whether the solution is unsaturated, saturated or super-saturated.

Atomic Interactions: Lennard-Jones Potential NEWDrag two atoms and see the attractive and repulsive forces and the Lennard-Jones potential graph.

Molecules and Light: Greenhouse Effect NEWShine microwave, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light on molecules and see which absorb it and what happens.

Acid-Base Titration SimulatorAdd base drop by drop and watch the pH curve and indicator colour change.

Precipitation Reactions LabMix ionic solutions and see whether a solid precipitate forms, using solubility rules.

Heating Curve ExperimentAdd heat to ice and watch temperature versus time, including the flat melting and boiling plateaus.

Distillation Setup LabSeparate two liquids by boiling point in a virtual distillation apparatus.

Paper Chromatography & Rf Values NEWSeparate the dyes of an ink on paper, choose the solvent and measure the Rf value of each dye.

Calorimetry & Specific Heat Lab NEWDrop a hot metal into water, plot the temperatures and calculate the specific heat capacity.

Beer's Law Lab: Absorbance & Concentration NEWShine light through a colored solution and see how absorbance depends on concentration, width and wavelength.

Atom Builder (Isotopes & Ions)Build atoms from protons, neutrons and electrons and see the element, isotope and charge.

Bohr Model of HydrogenMake the electron jump between energy levels and see the photons absorbed and emitted.

Atomic Orbital Visualizer (s, p, d)See the shapes of s, p and d orbitals and rotate them in 3D.

Photoelectric Effect SimulatorShine light on a metal and see when electrons are emitted, and how fast.

Emission Spectrum ViewerSee the coloured line spectra of hydrogen, helium, neon, sodium and more.

Blackbody Spectrum & Wien's Law NEWChange temperature and watch the blackbody curve, peak wavelength and glow colour of a hot object.

Quantum Wave Interference (Double Slit) NEWFire photons, electrons or neutrons one at a time and watch the wave pattern build dot by dot.

Quantum Coin Toss (Superposition) NEWToss a quantum coin, put it in superposition, measure it and see interference bring it back to heads.

Quantum Measurement: Stern-Gerlach Experiment NEWSend spin particles through analyzers along Z and X and see how measurement changes the state.

Build a Nucleus: Protons, Neutrons & Stability NEWDrag protons and neutrons to build atoms from hydrogen to calcium and check isotopes and stability.

Rutherford Scattering: Discovering the Nucleus NEWFire alpha particles at gold atoms and compare the plum pudding and nuclear models.

Radioactive Decay & Half-Life Simulator NEWWatch hundreds of unstable atoms decay at random and compare the count with the half-life curve.

Isotopes & Average Atomic Mass Mixer NEWMix isotopes of chlorine, copper, boron and more and see the weighted average atomic mass on the periodic table.

Chemical Equation Balancer NEWPractise with 1,700+ real equations, or type your own and balance it with charges.

Reaction Rate SimulatorChange temperature and concentration and see how fast a reaction goes.

Collision Theory SimulatorWatch molecules collide and see why only fast, well-oriented collisions react.

Chemical Equilibrium SimulatorWatch the forward and reverse reactions balance and apply Le Chatelier's principle.

Catalyst & Activation EnergySee how a catalyst lowers the activation energy barrier and speeds a reaction.

Enthalpy & Activation Energy Diagram NEWDrag the reactant, peak and product levels of an energy profile and see ΔH, Ea and the effect of a catalyst.

Le Chatelier's Principle (Haber Process) NEWChange concentration, temperature and pressure on N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃ and watch the equilibrium shift.

Reaction Mechanism & Rate-Determining Step NEWSee a two-step mechanism as an energy profile, drag the peaks and find the slowest step and rate law.

Organic Reaction Pathways Game NEWDrag reagents onto compounds to convert ethane, ethene, ethanol, ethanoic acid and esters, and take route challenges.

Molecule BuilderAdd atoms and see which real molecule you have built, with a 3D model and name.

Molecule Shapes (VSEPR) NEWDrag bonds and lone pairs onto a central atom, rotate it in 3D, and explore real molecules.

Ionic vs Covalent BondsChange electronegativity difference and watch bonds go from covalent to polar to ionic.

3D Molecule ViewerRotate, zoom and switch between ball-and-stick and space-filling models of common molecules.

Orbital Hybridization (sp, sp², sp³) NEWStep through promotion, hybridisation and bonding for nine molecules with a rotating 3D hybrid-orbital picture.

Resonance Structures & Delocalisation NEWSee the resonance forms of ozone, nitrate, carbonate, nitrite and benzene and the averaged hybrid.

Galvanic Cell (Voltaic Cell)Build a battery from two metals and watch electrons flow, with the cell voltage.

Electrolysis of WaterSplit water into hydrogen and oxygen and watch the bubbles collect in a 2:1 ratio.

Redox Tracker (Oxidation Numbers) NEWAnalyse any redox reaction you type, see who is oxidised and reduced, then test yourself.

Electroplating Cell & Faraday's Law NEWPlate an object with copper, silver, nickel, zinc or gold and calculate the mass and thickness from the current.

Climate Chemistry: CO₂ & TemperatureChange CO₂ levels and see the greenhouse effect warm the planet.

Water Purification StagesRun dirty water through screening, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection.

Ocean Acidification SimulatorSee how dissolved CO₂ lowers ocean pH and threatens shell-forming animals.

Natural Selection SimulatorWatch fur colour evolve in a bunny population as predators hunt and the environment changes.

Punnett Square CalculatorCross two parents and get genotype and phenotype ratios, for one trait or two.

Predator-Prey Population SimulatorWatch rabbit and fox populations rise and fall with the Lotka-Volterra model.

Diffusion & Osmosis SimulatorSee solute and water move across a membrane and find out why water follows the higher concentration.

Enzyme Activity Simulator NEWChange substrate, temperature, pH and inhibitors and watch the reaction rate of an enzyme.

DNA Replication Game NEWDrag the matching bases onto the unzipped DNA strand to build the copy, or type your own sequence.

Neuron Firing Simulator NEWStimulate a neuron and watch the action potential travel along the axon.

Heart Pump & Cardiac Cycle NEWFollow one heartbeat through the four chambers, valves, ECG trace and blood pressure.

Photosynthesis & Limiting Factors NEWMove the lamp, change CO₂ and temperature and count the oxygen bubbles from a pond plant.

Moon Phases SimulatorMove the Moon around its orbit and see what phase looks like from Earth.

Gravity & Orbits Sandbox NEWDrag planets, set their velocity and watch gravity build orbits, slingshots and collisions.

Plate Tectonics & Earthquakes NEWWatch plates collide, spread apart and slide past each other to build volcanoes, ridges and earthquakes.

Weather & Cloud Formation Simulator NEWLift an air parcel up a mountain and see it cool, reach the dew point and form clouds and rain.

Solar System Builder & Kepler's Laws NEWDrag planets to new orbits, change the star's mass and check Kepler's third law.

Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion NEWChange orbit size and shape, see equal-area sectors and check the period–distance law.

Greenhouse Effect & Earth's Energy Balance NEWChange the sun, reflectivity and greenhouse gases and see the surface temperature of Earth, Venus, Mars or Snowball Earth.

Quadratic Function ExplorerDrag a, b and c to see the parabola, roots, vertex and discriminant change.

Unit Circle & Trig ExplorerDrag around the unit circle and watch sine, cosine and tangent trace their waves.

Linear Equation Explorer (y = mx + b)Change slope and intercept or drag two points to see the line, its equation and intercepts.

Probability Lab (Coins & Dice)Flip coins and roll dice thousands of times and compare results with theory.

Derivative Visualizer NEWDrag a point along a curve and see the tangent line and the derivative graph appear.

Integral & Area Under Curve NEWDrag the limits, choose the number of rectangles and compare Riemann sums with the exact area.

Geometric Transformations NEWDrag a shape to translate, rotate and scale it and see the transformation matrix.

3D Geometry Viewer (Volume & Surface Area) NEWRotate seven 3D solids and calculate volume, surface area, faces, edges and vertices.

Vector Addition Simulator NEWDrag vectors on a grid, add them tip to tail and see the sum, its magnitude, angle and components.

Curve Fitting: Best-Fit Line & Regression NEWDrag data points and watch the best-fit line, quadratic and cubic curves and R² update.

Calculus Grapher: Derivative & Integral NEWDraw a function and see its derivative, or draw the derivative and see the function.

Plinko Probability: Galton Board NEWDrop balls through pegs and watch the bell-shaped binomial distribution build, with the theory curve.

Fraction Builder: Compare, Add & Equivalent Fractions NEWBuild two fractions with bars, circles and a number line, compare them, find equivalent fractions and add them.

Area Model Multiplication & the Distributive Property NEWSee multiplication as a rectangle, split it into four easier parts and watch the partial products add up.

Central Limit Theorem: Sampling Distribution Simulator NEWDraw samples from any population and watch the sample means pile up into a bell curve.

Sine & Cosine Wave Explorer: Amplitude, Period, Phase NEWShape y = A sin(B(x - C)) + D by dragging handles on the graph and see each change in the equation.

Exponential Growth & Decay Explorer NEWCompare multiplying and adding growth for bacteria, savings, radioactive decay and viral videos, with a log scale option.

Color Theory LabBuild colour harmonies on a wheel and check text contrast against WCAG.