🇪🇬 Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty

📍 Egypt ⚖️ Administrative Law

The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty is a 1979 agreement between Egypt and Israel that officially ended the state of war between the two countries and established diplomatic relations. The treaty marked a significant shift in the Middle East, with Egypt becoming the first Arab state to make peace with Israel. In exchange for Israel's withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt agreed to normalize relations with Israel.

Article 1

The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty hereby establishes a permanent state of peace between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the State of Israel, bringing an end to the state of war that previously existed between the two nations. This treaty is based on the principles of sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity, and is intended to promote a lasting and durable peace in the region. The treaty shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions outlined herein, and shall be subject to review and amendment as necessary. The parties agree to establish diplomatic relations and to promote economic and cultural cooperation.

Plain language: This article establishes a permanent peace between Egypt and Israel, ending the state of war between them. It promotes sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Article 2

Israel shall withdraw its armed forces from the Sinai Peninsula, and Egypt shall resume its exercise of full sovereignty over the territory. The withdrawal shall be completed within a period of three years from the date of exchange of ratifications of this treaty, and shall be supervised by the United Nations. The parties agree to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of each other, and to refrain from any acts of hostility or aggression. The treaty shall be registered with the United Nations Secretariat.

Plain language: Israel will withdraw its military from the Sinai Peninsula, and Egypt will regain full control over the area. This process will be supervised by the United Nations.

Article 3

The parties agree to establish normal and friendly relations, and to promote economic and cultural cooperation between them. This cooperation shall include the exchange of diplomats, the promotion of trade and commerce, and the encouragement of tourism and cultural exchange. The parties shall also cooperate in the fields of science, technology, and education, and shall work together to promote regional stability and security. The treaty shall be implemented in a manner that promotes mutual understanding and respect.

Plain language: Egypt and Israel will work together to promote economic and cultural cooperation, including trade, tourism, and education. They will also cooperate in science and technology.

Article 4

The parties agree to respect the rights and interests of each other, and to refrain from any actions that could be considered hostile or aggressive. This includes refraining from the use of force or the threat of force, and from any actions that could be considered a violation of the sovereignty or territorial integrity of the other party. The parties shall also cooperate in the prevention of terrorism and the promotion of regional security. The treaty shall be interpreted in a manner that promotes peace and stability in the region.

Plain language: Egypt and Israel will respect each other's rights and interests, and will not engage in hostile or aggressive actions. They will work together to prevent terrorism and promote regional security.

Article 5

The treaty shall be ratified by both parties, and shall enter into force on the date of exchange of ratifications. The treaty shall be registered with the United Nations Secretariat, and shall be published in the official gazettes of both parties. The parties agree to review and amend the treaty as necessary, and to cooperate in its implementation. The treaty shall be binding upon the parties, and shall be considered a fundamental instrument of peace and cooperation between them.

Plain language: The treaty will be ratified by both Egypt and Israel, and will take effect when the ratifications are exchanged. It will be registered with the United Nations and published in official gazettes.